Dialect As An Indicator of Community Origin

God has created kinds of creature as human , animals, etc, from their creation human is the most prefect than others, because they have brand, instinct, and mind. Human life in associate to stay together, they can’t life alone without helping for other someone so human called as social creature. Human associate called society, in there create a communication method that called language, than the meaning of language is a system which used to do relation between human as symbol, and rules as manager them. Than it has kind of property.

Language is productive, this refer to ability of native speakers to understand and produce any number of sentence which they have never heard before .Language is recursion, its mean that people can create sentence in the sentence. Language is arbitrary, its mean that exists a relation between a word and its meaning is a matter of convention. Language is a system, its mean that language consisting of two subsystems there are meaning and sound. Lim Kiat Boey (1975 : 2 -3)

Language is very useful within communication between individuals, each word has meaning. It is part of culture because each world following a act. if someone say something to other people, he will respond that world directly, sample as a children and his father in a room, the door opened, than his father said the weather is very cold. the children without ordered has close the door. This indicate that language is part of culture which has exists in each human soul.

Language divide of two kinds, that are national and region language. National language is a language that used in every country which it as difference with others. Region language is a language which used by society at the part of a county . Than region language has variety of style and spell language that became daily speaker.

There is no hard and fast division between style, dialect, and language. One meld into the other. Style is relatively minor variation in usage. Dialect indicate more difference and language the most. It is virtually impossible to pin point exactly when a style switch graduates into dialect change. A working rule is that dialect signs regional variety of speech or one associated with a social group ( either class or ethnic group) whereas style only signals only a change in mood or intimacy “.( Eline Chacika, 1982 : 38).

for example Temanggung city has differentiation with Wonosobo city in the produce of sound, Temanggung using slow, clear spelling, intonation, and seem like Yogyakarta language origin, than Wonosobo using quick, loud, not clear intonation, and seem like Banyumas language origin. Sometime if occur speaking between Temanggung with Wonosobo people, Temanggung people have difficulty to understand at part of their speaking. It is caused from factor of place where they had lived, and distance between cities, which it very influences in their region language. In the region language found kinds of differentiation language style which called dialect, “Dialect is a regionally or socially distinctive variety of a language, identified by a particular set of words and grammatical structures.David Crystal ( 1985 : 92).” So clear that word and structure language has hard connection which can’t to be separated, if people just use word, its not clear, must using body language to order someone to do something as substitution structure language”.

Dialect is variations of a languages, this variant indicate similar one language with others in the region, Usually a dialect difference based vocabulary, structure, and phoneme. The actually of dialect is has differentiation phoneme and written, this is can found clearly different dialect between Jogja and Purwokerto, example in the national language using word ‘ Lapar ’, in java language to Jogja using Luweh / Ngeleh than Purwokerto “ Kencot’. From that words has same meaning, “ hungry”, but phoneme, and written is different, it approve that region language is variation.

Setiap ragam bahasa dipergunakan di suatu daerah tertentu, dan lambat laun terbentuk anasir kebahasaan yang berbeda – beda pula,seperti dalam lafal, tata bahasa, dan tata arti, dan setiap ragam mempergunakan salah satu bentuk khusus. Pada tingkat dialek, perbedaan tersebut pada garis besarnya dapat di bagi menjadi lima macam : (1) perbedaan fonetik, ( 2 ) perbedaan semantic,( 3 ) perbedaan onomasiologis, ( 4 ) perbedaan semasiologi, ( 5 ) perbedaan morfologis. Ayatroheadi (1979 : 3 – 4 )

Variation of Dialect we can meet at social class in the society, the most seem in speak dialect, and have stage style of language, it is at the java society specially central java and Jogjakarta. According K.M.Pety (1990 :27) said that “Though ‘dialect’ has most commonly been employed to refer to regional differentiation within a language, it has also in more recent years been used in reference to the social dimensions of linguistic difference”. There are difference of speak in the social class, this caused by royal palace / kingdom system which in last time has exists and has hard of rule.” Term dialect can also be used to describe differences in speech associated with various social group or classes. There are social dialect as well as regional ones. An intermediate problem is that of defining social group or social class. Ronald wardhaugh, (1992 : 46 ).

Dialect is variation region language which became mother language in their life. Each regions have kinds of dialect, so its difference between one region with others. There are grade in the class social so can identification clearly someone in the group of their social class looked from their spoke, its likes inherits from generation to generation, which can’t to change dialect with other language because it has to associate with their soul, so dialect never lost from region in part of country, and it is as symbol or indicator of community origin.

BIBIOGRAPHY

Boey, Lim Kiat.1975. An Introduction To Linguistics For The Language Teacher. Singapores : Singapores University Press.

Crystal, David. 1985.A Dictionary of Linguistic and Phonetics. New York : Basil Blackwell.

Chika, Eline. 1992. Language the Social Mirror. Massachustetts : Newbury House Pulisers.

Wardhaugh, Ronald. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistic. Oxford : Blackwell Publisher.

Petyt, K.M. 1980. The Study of Dialect Written. Delhi : Andre Deutsch.

Ayatrohaedi. 1979. Dialektologi Written. Jakart : Pusat Peminaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Depdikbud.

Written By :Agus Triyogo

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND

EDUCATION AHMAD DAHLAN UNIVERSITY